Swing Set Support Forces

Question:

A 40 kg child is swinging on a swing supported by a pair of A frames with a beam connecting them at the top from which the swing is hung. The A frame angle is 60 degrees, each post being tipped in 30 degrees from the vertical. If she is swinging to a maximum angle of 60 degrees from the vertical, determine the force developed along each of the supporting posts as a result of her swinging, at the instant the swing passes through the vertical. The length of the swing is two meters.

Answer:

The gravitational potential energy of the child at the top of a swing is m*g*h where h is 2 m minus 2*cos(60) m, h = 1 m. So PE=40*9.8*1= 392 Joules. When the swing passes through the vertical, the potential energy is zero so the kinetic energy is 392 Joules = 1/2*m*v2 = 1/2*40*v2. So v2=392/20 = 19.6 m2/s2, v=4.43 m/s. The tension in the swing is then the sum of the force providing the centripetal acceleration and the child's weight. Her weight is 40*9.8 N = 392 N. The centripetal acceleration is v2/r = 19.6/2 = 9.8 m/s2. The force is her mass times this acceleration or 392 N. This total force of 784 N is acting straight downward on the beam holding the swing. The four A frame legs each acting at an angle of 30 degrees from the vertical must provide the counter force. If they were vertical each would support 784/4 N. Because they are at an angle, each must support 784/4/cos(30) = 227 N.

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